Activism - Social Movements

A

• Association for Progressive Communications (APC) 
  A global network of networks whose mission is to empower and support organisations, social movements and individuals through the use of information and communication technologies to build strategic communities and initiatives for the purpose of making meaningful contributions to human development, social justice, participatory democracies and sustainable societies.
• Autonoom Centrum 
  A Dutch political organization that supports illegal people and refugees (Dutch and English version).

B

• Black/African Related Resources 
  Many resources on social/progressive activism relating to or of concern to Black or African people, culture, and issues around the world. However, the site doesn't seem to be updated since 1994. Editor: Arthur R. McGee (Clearinghouse Guide).
• Books & Bibliographies
  • University Presses: Amsterdam University Press | Temple University Press University of Chicago Press
  • Social Movement Study Network: Antisemitism | Armed Citizens Militia Movement | Christian Right: Dominionism & Theocracy | Conspiracism | Insurgency and the Internet | Islam Militancy Islamophobia | Leaderless Resistance | Organized White Supremacist Groups |Social Movements | Think Tanks, Right-Wing Framing & Social Control

C

• Center for Right-Wing Studies (CRWS)
  The Center encourages and nurtures scholarship on right-wing movements in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Latin America. CRWS is especially interested in supporting research that examines the diversity of right-wing movements, and the significance they give to social and religious issues, nationalism and race, and economic doctrines, as well as their strategic and tactical orientations.
• Change
  When you want to start a campaign, mobilize supporter and work with opinion and decision makers to drive solutions for urgent problemens, this is the place to go. This is the place where people & organizations can start an online petition for free.
• Cleaver, Harry(Austin, Texas, USA)
  • [1994] Zapatistas! - Documents of the New Mexican Revolution
  • [1999] Computer-linked Social Movements and the Global Threat to Capitalism - Cleaver argues that the most serious challenge to the basic institutional structures of modern society flow from the emergence of computer-linked global social movements that are, increasingly, challenging both national and supranational policy-making institutions. He suggests that we are currently witnessing an accelerating circulation of social conflicts whose participants recognize a common enemy: contemporary capitalism. Although they reject business priorities and their struggles recall notions of “class warfare”, this common opposition to capitalism is not accompanied by the notion of a unified alternative project of socialism. Such a vision has been displaced by a proliferation of diverse projects and the notion that there is no need for universal rules. In response to these struggles, the threatened institutions are responding in various ways, sometimes by military and paramilitary force, sometimes by co-optation aimed at reintegrating the antagonistic forces.
• Collective Behavior and Social Movements (CBSM) - ASA Section
  CBSM fosters the study of emergent and extra-institutional social forms and behavior, particularly crowds and social movements. The interests run from disasters and riots to rumors and panics; from popular culture to strikes, revivals and revolutions. With over 800 members, CBSM is one of the ASA's largest and most active sections.

D

Dugan, Máire A. [2003]
One View of “Empowerment”

E

Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)
A non-profit, non-partisan organization working in the public interest to protect fundamental civil liberties, including privacy and freedom of expression in the arena of computers and the Internet. EFF is bases in San Francisco, California, with a satellite office in Washington, D.C. New digital networks offer a tremendous potential to empower individuals in an ever-overpowering world. However, the same forces that make technology such a positive force, such as the speed and ease of transmitting or evaluationg information, can pose substantial challenges to basic human and legal rights. EFF is an organization that is focuced on representing the rights of individuals worldwide from those threats.

F

Fécamp
The site of the centre for communal social action in Fécamp, France.

G

• Global Solidarity Site (GSS)
  GSS reflects on and strategizes around global solidarity in its organisational and cultural forms. It concerns itself with historical, contemporary and future internationalisms, with notions of and efforts to create global social movements, a global civil society, a global solidarity culture. GSS begins as a combined personal and general site but wants to collaborate with others. The editor: Peter Waterman, publishes his own material and papers and revies of others.
• Grassroots Political Activism Online
  Cybersociology Magazine, Issue 5. Arpri 1, 1999.

H

Herrick, James [1999]
Empowerment Practice and Social Change: the Place for New Social Movement Theory. 
A critial examination of the empowerment theory and its relationship to social change.

I

• Igualdade
  A Brazilian network of researchers on social inequality and human rights.
• Information Activism (IA)
  A movement dedicated to maintaining the integrity of information on the Internet. They want information that is up to date, accurate, and of high quality. On the IA site you can learn how you can help. The IA movement was started by Wendy Murdock, the chief researcher for Harley Hahn's Internet and Web Yellew Pages.
• Institute for Global Communications (IGC)
  A platform that brings advanced communications technologies to grassroots organizations worldwide working for peace, human rights, environmental sustainability, women’s rights, conflict resolution and worker rights. Browse one of the progressive sites by category: PeaceNet, EcoNet, and WomensNet.

J

Journals & Magazines

• Irish EcoPolitics
  A peer reviewed bi-annual academic journal which explores themes of environmentalism, sustainability, social movements and environmental politics and policy. Ecopolitics publishes e-books with environmental themes and conference proceedings relevant to our core themes of environmentalism and sustainability.
• Mobilization
  An international review of research about social and political movements, strikes, riots, protests, insurgencies, revolutions, and other forms of contentious politics. Mobilization advances the systematic, scholarly, and scientific study of these phenomena, and provides a forum for the discussion of methodologies, theories, and conceptual approaches across the disciplines of sociology, political science, social psychology, and anthropology. Presented by the Center for the Study of Social Movements (CSSM) of the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.

K

• Kling, Joseph - New York, USA
  Narratives of Possibility: Social Movements, Collective Stories and the Dilemmas of Practice
  A paper using narrative as a conceptual entry point into the practices through which people make choices, shape action, and create social movements.
• Konfrontatie
  A radical view on socialist movements in the Netherlands.

M

MoveOn - Democracy in Action
MoveOn is a community of more than 8 million Americans from all walks of life who use innovative technology to lead, participate in, and win campaigns for progressive change. The online tools are used to lower the barriers to participation in our democracy, so real Americans have a voice in a political process where big money and corporate lobbyists wield too much influence.

P

• People’s Action for Social Service (PASS)
  A Non-Government Organization, based in Tirupati, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India. PASS has been working for empowerment of the disadvantaged, marginalized, and vulnerable groups of the society, in areas of economic, leadership, social, educational, psychological and health development.
• Political Parties, Interest Groups and other Social Movements 
  A collection of links composed by Richard Kimber, Keele University, UK.

S

• Social Movements Cultures 
  A (cyber) space of the cultural forms and forms of culture active within American social movements. A project of the American Studies program of Washington State University, USA. The sites includes bibliographies, social movements links, online courses on social movements, and a discussion list on social movement cultures.
• Social Movement Study Network
  Provides online linkages to a variety of existing and new transatlantic resources for the study of social movements that seek to expand or restrict access to full democratic human rights for all people.
• Social Movement Theories 
  • Collective behavior theories (1950s) - Robert Park, Herbert Blumer, Ralph Turner, Lewis Killian, Neil Smelser
  • Relative deprivation theory (1960s) - Robert K. Merton, Walter Runciman
  • Marxist theory (1880s)
  • Value-added theory / Structural strain theory (1960s)
  • Resource mobilization (1970s) - John D. McCarthy, Mayer Zald, Charles Tilly, Doug McAdam
  • Political process/opportunity theory (1980s) - Peter Eisinger, Sidney Tarrow, David Meyer & Doug McAdam
  • Rational choice theory (1980s) - Gary Becker, Daniel Kahneman, Jon Elster
  • Framing theory (1980s) - Snow & Benford
  • New social movement theory (1980s) - Alain Touraine, Ernesto Laclau, Chantal Mouffe, Claus Offe, Immanuel Wallerstein
  • Social Movement Impact Theory (1990s) - William Gamson, Piven and Cloward
  • Emerging cultural perspective (late 1990s) - Alberto Melucci, James M. Jasper
  • Network theory (00s)

T

Top Pun
Top Pun creates unique peace and justice designs for a good laugh. If you like, you can match your favorite designs on products such as buttons, T-shirts, mugs, stickers, aprons, mouse pads, tile trivets, magnets, etc. People can personalize or customize designs and products. Also, Top Pun helps peace-loving organizations raise funds.

U

• Uitermark, Justus - Dept. of Sociology, University of Amsterdam
  Cities and social movements
  A collection of articles on social movements that express themselves in cities. Because cities are dense, they are likely to trigger con?icts over space. Because they are large, they have suf?cient numbers to sustain organizations of even small minorities. And because cities are diverse, they become the laboratories where new ties are forged and the battlegrounds where competing demands vie for domination. Contention emerges from the microinteractions between large numbers of diverse people living in close proximity. Social movements crystallize when people organize to collectively claim urbanspace, organize constituents, and express demands.
• United for a Fair Economy (UFE)
  UFE is part of a broad social movement of people concerned that the concentration of wealth is hurting the nation. It was first formed in 1994 by community organizers from the labor, women's, civil rights, and anti-poverty movements. The welthiest 1% of the population now has more wealth and assets than the bottom 95% of the population combined. This concentration of wealth and income is hurting the society. Security is being sacrificed and community institutions are falling apart. UFE wants to revitalize the democratic process by taking away the influence of big money from politics, ensuring health care, maintaining safety net programs and ensuring that all kinds of voices be heard. One of the UFE projects is Responsible Wealth (RW). Although the members of this initiative belong to the wealthiest 5% of Americans, they advocate fair taxes and support a living wage for all.
• Urban Homestead - Path to Change
  “Nothing less than a revolution is required in order for man to achieve the realization of his human potential. The future will be one of tremendous struggle because the world has been held captive. It is time to rise up to break out of this bondage... We will use our hands as weapons of mass creation.” Editor: Jules Dervaes.

W

Wolfson, Nathan

• [1996] From Whence These Rumblings? 
  Understanding of the Structural Pre-Conditions of Anti-Systemic Mobilization.
• [1995-2001] How to Determine What Enables Protest?
  An attempt to expand the traditionally limited notion of 'opportunity structures' beyond formal political structures to encompass both socio-cultural and economic structures as well.

Y

• Yates, Larry Lamar [1996] (Social Justice Connections)
  The Internet: What It Can and Can't Do for Activists
  An introduction to the internet for social justice activists.

Special forms of Activism and Social Movements

• SocioSite Resources on Social Movements
  • Age Activism - Anti-Ageism - Grey Panthers Movement
  • Anti-Racism - Ethnic Movements
  • Disability Rights Activism
  • Drugs Activism
  • Ecological Activism - Environmentalism - Ecological Movement
  • Feminist Activism - Feminism - Women's Movement
  • Human Rights Activism
  • LesBiGay Activism
  • Peace Activism - Nonviolence Movements
  • Poverty Activism - Anti-hunger Movements
  • Religious Activism - Religious Movements
  • Workers Activism - Trade Unionism - Workers Movements
  • Socialism - Communism
• David Walls - Overviews & Bibliographies of Social Movements
  • Animal Rights Movement
  • Civil Rights Movement
  • Children's Rights Movement
  • Conservative Movement
  • Disability Rights Movement
  • Elders Rights Movement
  • Environmental Movement
  • GLBT Movement
  • Human Rights Movement
  • Labor Movement
  • Music and Social Movements
  • Peace Movement
  • Progressive Movement
  • Women's Movement
• Wikipedia
  • Social movement
  • New social movements
  • Alter-globalization
  • Anti-austerity movement
  • Anti-capitalism
  • Anti-globalization movement
  • Anti-nuclear movement
  • Civil Rights movement
  • Cohousing
  • Consumer movement
  • Democratic movement
  • Environmental movement
  • Feminist movement
  • Free software movement
  • Gay rights movement
  • Global justice movement
  • Green movement
  • Labour Movement
  • Occupy movement
  • Peace movement
  • Populism
  • Pro-choice movement
  • Religious movement
  • Tea Party movement
  • Trade Union

Utopia

“A map of the world that does not include Utopia is not worth even glancing at, for it leaves out the one country at which Humanity is always landing. And when Humanity lands there, it looks out, and seeing a better country, sets sail. Progress is the realisation of Utopias.”

[Oscar Wilde, The Soul of Man Under Socialism, 1891]

• Arthur O. Lewis Utopia Collection - PennState University, USA
• Cohousing Network - UK
  Cohousing started to develop in the UK at the end of the 1990s. The movement has gradually built up momentum and there are now several built cohousing communities. “Cohousing communities are intentional communities, created and run by their residents. Each household has a self-contained, personal and private home but residents come together to manage their community, share activities, eat together. Cohousing is a way of combating the alienation and isolation many experience today, recreating the neighbourly support of the past.”
• Diggers & Dreams - Communal Living in Britain (D&D;)
  A not-for-profit collective that dispels the myth that communes came and went with the 1960's, and wants to bring the idea of communal living to the attention of more people.
• Duchamp, L. Timmel
  Science Fiction and Utopias by Women, 1818--1949: A Chronology
• Duncombe, Stephen 
  Open Utopia
  Thomas More published his Utopia in 1516. Duncombe took a bit of audacity to introduce another version of Utopia. He believes the world needs a complete English-language translation of Utopia that honors the primary precept of Utopia itself: that all property is common property. His digital edition of Utopia is open: open to read, open to copying, open to modification.
• Feminist Science Fiction, Fantasy & Utopia 
  Editor: Laura Quilter (Systems Group, University Library, University of Illinois at Chicago). Part of the Feminist Majority Foundation.
• Fellowship for Interntional Community (FIC)
  An American nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting cooperative culture. Intentional communities are pioneers in sustainable living, personal and cultural transformation, and peaceful social evolution. Intentional communities include ecovillages, cohousing, residential land trusts, income-sharing communes, student co-ops, spiritual communities, and other projects where people live together on the basis of explicit common values.
• Findhorn Foundation
  A spiritual community, ecovillage and an international centre for holistic learning, helping to unfold a new human consciousness and create a positive and sustainable future.
• Fung, Archon / Wright, Erik Olin [June 1999]
  Experiments in Empowered Deliberative Democracy
  An elaboration of a particular conception of participatory democracy called "empowered deliberative democracy". It lays out an inventory of problems and questions which can be used to analyse real world cases of instituttional innovation in terms of this model.
• Humphrey, Christopher C.
  Utopian Analysis - A Science of Civilization 
  This may not be what you expect from a scientific approach: "Utopia, solar hydrogen sustainable economy and ecology, beautiful city without gridlock, crime or the homeless. Nine laws of civilization, tested by political experiment. New justice system, new form of democracy, new family structure. End to divorce, the tyranny of the war on drugs and the oppression of divorced men. Urban planning, new architecture. An end to bureaucracy." But he promises to solve the major social problems of our time, such as war, murder, homelessness, ennui, poverty, and the destruction of the ecology.
• Intentional Communities 
  Provides information and access to crucial resources for seekers of community, existing and forming communities, and other friends of community. Intentional Community is an inclusive term for ecovillages, cohousing, residential land trusts, communes, student co-ops, urban housing cooperatives and other related projects and dreams...
• Journals on Utopian Themes
  • E-topia - Revista Electrónica de Estudos sobre a Utopia
    E-topia is published twice a year in Portuguese. The magazine is part of the Digital Library of the Faculty of Arts, University of Porto. It publishes original studies on utopian thinking, as well as documents and auxiliary elements of research that contribute to an updated vision of this area of ??knowledge.
  • Morus - Renascimento e Utopia
    A group of Brasilian researches resist the pragmatic hegemony of our times.
  • New York Public Library (NYPL)
    Utopia: The Search for the Ideal Society in the Western World
    The Exhibition offers sample representations of ideal (imagined and attempted) societies arranged in four main sections: (a) Sources: Ancient, Biblical, and Medieval utopias; (b) Other Worlds: the spread of the utopian imagination from Thoma More to the Enlightenment; (c) Utopia in History: from the time of revolutions to the dawn of the twentieth century; (d) Dreams and Nightmares: the twentieth-century utopias and dystopias.
  • Spaces of Utopia
    A double-blind peer review international e-journal of scholarly research in the field of Utopian Studies. It is published in English once a year as part of the Digital Library of the Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto (FLUP), Portugal. Space of Utopia is a pluralist publication with no ideological affiliation and open to proposals and perspectives from all research methodologies.
  • Utopia & Utopianisme (UTP)
    An international journal devoted to utopia. UTP publishes works of interest to the scientific community and promotes research and teaching in utopian studies at the university leves.
  • Utopian Studies Journal (USJ)
    A peer-reviewed publication of the Society for Utopian Studies, publishing scholarly articles on a wide range of subjects related to utopias, utopianism, utopian literature, utopian theory, and intentional communities. Each issue includes reviews of recent books.
• Matteoli, Lorenzo [1995]
  Utopia and Environs
  Paper presented at the Eleventh Western Australian Humanities Symposium 15-18 September 1995, Fremantle, Western Australia. The author proposes the features that commonly characterize utopian projects. The closing assessment is that modern utopian thinking is pervasive and diffuse according to patterns which are not easy to detect.
• Principality of New Utopia, The 
  A community dedicated to building a new and perfect country in the middle of the ocean.
• Ralahine Centre for Utopian Studies - University of Limerick, Ireland
  The research of the centre is based on the premise that social values, policies, and practices are shaped by hopeful, utopian visions, and that this dimension is critical to the betterment of life for all members of society.
• Real Utopias Project
  Explores a wide range of proposals and models for radical social change. The basic idea is to combine serious normative discussions of the underlying principles and rationales for different emancipatory visions with the analysis of pragmatic problems of institutional design. The project itself consists of a series of conferences, all build around some provocative, innovative manuscript dealing with some salient issue in radical social change.
• Robbins, Richard H. - Plattsburgh, State University of New York
  Resources on Alternative and Utopian Communities
• Society for Utopian Studies 
  An international, interdisciplinary association devoted to the study of utopianism in all its forms with a particular emphasis on literary and experimental utopias. The Society publishes:
  • Discoveries - A bibliography for the utopian inclined.
  • H-Utopia - Discussion forum devoted to utopianism in all its forms.
  • Teaching Utopia - A coarse that covers American science fiction, utopian, and dystopian literature and film, emphasizing themes dealing with the imagination of better worlds and worse worlds, including post-nuclear apocalyptic societies and the modern post-9/11 world.
  • Utopus Discovered - Newsletter with information about upcoming conferences and workshops, and details on publications in the field.
  • Utopian Studies - Journal
  • Utopian Resources
• Utopia
  Utopian visions of the internet and the metaphysics of virtual life. Is the internet a ‘place’ where a utopian community can be created? The site documents a discussion of the parallels between developments in utopian thought and the history of the internet. It also contains a general overview of the debate on the internet as a possible utopia. Presented by The New York Public Library.
• Utopia and Counter-Utopia
  This site is dedicated to literary expressions of Utopia. What is the purpose of utopian visions of society and what is the use to which we can put them? Are they merely imaginative, impractical and unattainable fantasies, or do they serve some concrete need in our construction of the social order? The purpose of this site is to serve as an on-line resource centre for readers of utopian literature.
• Utopia Britannica
  British Utopian Experiments 1325 - 1945. So many people at so many times have tried to create their ideal community. Here you can explore the archaeology of the British ancestors dreams. You can follow the utopian threads that make up the fabric of British history to every corner of these islands. Enter a different world and find a wealth of places where contemporaries of our great-great-grandparents were dreaming all the same dreams as we are now.
• Utopian EcoVillage Network (EUN)
  A pilot demonstration of how to live in a real New World consciousness of sharing on all levels: spiritually, mentally, emotionally and physically. They seek to provide a common ground for several groups, pods, villages, tribes, clans, extended families and communities within the same umbrella organization. And they're looking for co-conspirators.
• Utopian Studies Society
  An interdisciplinary society that aims to co-ordinate and encourage the diverse work currently taking place on the subject of utopianism.
• Will, Jon
  • Utopian Philosophy 
    A trilogy on Utopia.
  • Utopia on the Internet
    A listing of web sites with content on the subject of Utopia.
• Wikipedia: Utopia | Dystopia | Utopian socialism
• Wright, Erik Olin
  • Why something like socialism is necessary for the transition to something like communism
    In: E.O. Wright [1994] Interrogating Inequality: essays on class analysis, socialism and Marxism, Verso. Chapter 6.
  • [2006] Taking the “Social” in Socialism Seriously
  • [2006] Compass Points: Towards a Socialist Alternative
    In: New Left Review 41: 93-124.
  • [2006] Making Capital Socially Accountable
    In: Politics & Society, 34(2): 131-134.
  • [2007] Guidelines for envisioning real utopias - Soundings
  • [2007] Strong Gender Egalitarianism (with Harry Brighouse)
    Paper for Real Utopias project volume.
  • [2010] Envisioning Real Utopias Verso Books.
    Rising inequality of income and power, along with convulsions in the finance sector, have made the search for alternatives to unbridled capitalism more urgent than ever. Yet few are attempting this task—most analysts argue that any attempt to rethink our social and economic relations is utopian. Wright’s book is a comprehensive assault on the quietism of contemporary social theory. A systematic reconstruction of the core values and feasible goals for Left theorists and political actors, lays the foundations for a set of concrete, emancipatory alternatives to the capitalist system.
• WWW Resources on Alternative and Utopian Communities 
  Editor: Richard Robbins (Department of Antrhopology, SUNY at Plattsburgh).

Utopists

• Plato[428 - 347 BCE] 
  • The Republic
  • Timaeus
  • Critias
  • More information on Plato at the Metaphysics Research Lab (Stanford)
• Thomas More[1478 - 1535] 
  • [1516] Utopia (Gutenberg)
  • Thomas More Society
    Information on More’s life and works.
  • Additional resources from Anniina Jokinen.
• Johann Valentin Andreae[1586 - 1654] 
  • [1619] Christianopolis
    Translated and edited by Edward H. Thompson. Short description of the book and table of contents. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. June 1999.
• Tommaso Campanella[1568 - 1639] 
  • [1623] The City of the Sun (Gutenberg)
• Francis Bacon[1561 - 1626] 
  • [1626] New Atlantis (Gutenberg), or via Levity
• Thomas Hobbes[1588 - 1679] 
  • [1651] Leviathan (Gutenberg) of from eserver, or from infidels
• William Godwin[1756 - 1838] 
  • [1793] An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and its Influence on Morals and Happiness
    London: Robinson.
  • [1831] Thoughts on Man, his Nature, Productions and Discoveries 
    London: Effingham Wilson Royal Exchange.
  • William Godwin Archive edited by Dana Ward.
• Robert Owen[1771 - 1858] 
  • [1813-1816] A New View of Society (McMaster)
    Essays on the Principle of the Formation of the Human Character, and the Application of the Principle to Practice.
  • [1816] Address to the Inhabitants of New Lanark
    Visionary plans for an astonishingly progressive and enlightened system of education which Owen believed was the key to a happier society, and universal harmony.
• Friedrich Engels[1820 - 1895] 
  • [1847] The Principles of Communism (Marxists.org)
  • [1877] Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (Marxists.org)
• Edward Bellamy[1850 - 1889] 
  • [1888] Looking Backward.
  • Edward Bellamy - a nineteenth century visionary
    A page created by Andrew F. Wood, with resources, excerpts, and original essays dedicated to the author of the most celebrated utopian novel of the 19th century.
  • Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward: 2000-1887
    A brief page devoted to utopianism and Edward Bellamy in particular. Includes links to other utopia-related web sites. Prepared by professor Catherine Lavender.
• William Morris[1834 - 1896] 
  • [1889] Socialism and Anarchism
  • [1890] News from Nowhere (Archive.org) or via marxists.org.
  • [1894] How I Became a Socialist
    First published in Justice, June 16th, 1894.
  • William Morris Society
    Morris-related events and publications, information about the William Morris Society, materials relating to the life and work of Morris, his friends, and followers, and links to other interesting places.
  • A Bibliography of William Morris’s Writings
    Compiled by Mark Samuels Lasner, William S. Peterson and Florence S. Boos.
  • The Victorian Web: William Morris: An Overview
  • Cody, David: Morris's Socialism
• Austin Tappan Wright[1883 - 1931] 
  • Islandia - Wikipedia
  • Andrew F. Wood: The man who envisioned Islandia

Activist News & Discussion Groups

• Critical Mass
  The newsletter of the Section on Collective Behavior and Social Movements (CBSM), American Sociological Association (ASA).
• H-Utopia
  A discussion forum for of utopianism in all its forms, from literary expression to policy analysis to architectural criticism to activism. It focusses on the forms, contents, and influence of utopian/dystopian thinking. Presented by the Society of Utopian Studies.
• Mobilizing Ideas Blog
  A blog where activists and scholars debate social movements and social change. Presented by the Center for the Study of Social Movements (CSSM) of the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
• Google Discussion Groups

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